Most Americans are not wholly informed of the concept of jury nullification, even whilst participating in one of the foundational aspects of civic duty as American citizens: jury duty. Jury nullification is the right of a panel of jurists to acquit a defendant that they find guilty for breaking a law because they do not agree with the law in question that has been broken. Although jury nullification is not explicitly named in the Constitution, it has been established through

After the Civil Rights Era of the 1960s and 1970s, American legal norms shifted from a law of criminalized status, such as Jim Crow, to conduct crime law. Conduct crime law intends to only penalize persons “for their specific, voluntary actions.” With this transformation, legal experts and pundits could declare that American law now ‘fulfilled’ promises of “complete liberalism” and universal human right of due process. [1] However, after the the 1970s and 1980s rollback of C

In 2009, Arizona firefighter captains John Guido and Dennis Rankin were terminated by the Mount Lemmon Fire District at ages 46 and 54, respectively. As the two oldest members of the fire district’s 11 full-time employee team, Guido and Rankin suspected their termination decision was driven—at least in part—by their age. As a result, they filed age discrimination complaints with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and subsequently filed suit against their form

By living and aging in the United States, many Americans assume the goodness, the neutrality, and rationality of law. Some even judge the morality of others based on their adherence to these legal regulations, without critiquing the merits or source of the law itself. Others recognize that some laws unequivocally create unjust worlds and resist them actively. Few, however, question the very nature of law as a systemic means of regulating and organizing the social Normative, a